Journal
BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS
Volume 12, Issue 11, Pages 7261-7279Publisher
Optica Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1364/BOE.435913
Keywords
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Funding
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering [R01EB029595]
- IDEA Center at the University of Notre Dame
- Harper Cancer Research Institute: Research Like a Champion
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Frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) offers noninvasive quantitative measurements of tissue optical properties, but traditional systems face challenges in scalability and complexity. To address this, a scalable digital platform with real-time data measurement and high-speed data transfer and processing capabilities has been proposed.
Frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) provides quantitative noninvasive measurements of tissue optical absorption and scattering, as well as a safe and accurate method for characterizing tissue composition and metabolism. However, the poor scalability and high complexity of most FD-NIRS systems assembled to date have contributed to its limited clinical impact. To address these shortcomings, we present a scalable, digital-based FDNIRS platform capable of measuring optical properties and tissue chromophore concentrations in real-time. The system provides single-channel FD-NIRS amplitude/phase, optical property, and chromophore data at a maximum display rate of 36.6 kHz, 17.9 kHz, and 10.2 kHz, respectively, and can be scaled to multiple channels as well as integrated into a handheld format. The entire system is enabled by several innovations including an ultra-high-speed k-nearest neighbor lookup table method (maximum of 250,000 inversions/s for a large 2500x700 table of absorption and reduced scattering coefficients), embedded FPGA and CPU high-speed co-processing, and high-speed data transfer (due to on-board processing). We show that our 6-wavelength, broad modulation bandwidth (1-400 MHz) system can be used to perform 2D high-density spatial mapping of optical properties and high speed quantification of hemodynamics. (c) 2021 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
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