Biofortification of Maize with Zinc and Its Effect on Human Health

This review aims to discuss the management approaches of zinc (Zn) fertilization and breeding efforts for quality maize production in provisioning a healthy human diet. Biofortification of Zn to a high-yielding maize variety with increased Zn content in maize grain is of great importance to the health of those feeding on these staples. Literature review was performed on the Zn fertilization in the maize plant grown in Zn-deficient soils and the breeding maize varieties with improved attributes for increasing Zn content and availability to humans. Factors regulating the Zn availability and transport from soil to plant and food to humans were identified and discussed. The health issues induced by Zn deficiency affect a large global population, particularly those relying on a maize diet. The agronomic approach is a feasible method in combatting Zn deficiency in soil. Given the wide choices available for crop fertilization, the type of fertilizers and the timing of application to specific maizes are important for a maximum yield. Clinical studies have so far indicated that genetically biofortified maize increased Zn absorption in human bodies. Both agronomic and plant breeding approaches to biofortification in maize are promising in providing adequate Zn intake for optimum body functioning.

Automated summary

This review discusses management approaches for zinc fertilization and breeding efforts in producing high-quality maize for a healthy human diet. Both agronomic and plant breeding methods show promising results in combating zinc deficiency and improving zinc absorption in the human body.