Prognostic Factors for COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients with Preexisting Type 2 Diabetes

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Type 2 Diabetes and COVID-19-Related Mortality in the Critical Care Setting: A National Cohort Study in England, March-July 2020

John M. Dennis et al.

Summary: The study showed that type 2 diabetes is a prognostic factor for survival in severe COVID-19 cases requiring critical care, with a higher risk of death for patients with diabetes, particularly in younger age groups.

DIABETES CARE (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Metformin to decrease COVID-19 severity and mortality: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Olexandr Kamyshnyi et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic poses a serious challenge to medicine and science, with analysis indicating that diabetic patients are more prone to severe COVID-19 due to immune dysregulation. Metabolic changes induced by diabetes affect the immunometabolism of lymphocytes, and the use of metformin may be a new approach to reducing disease severity.

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Gut microbiota composition reflects disease severity and dysfunctional immune responses in patients with COVID-19

Yun Kit Yeoh et al.

Summary: This study found that the gut microbiome composition was significantly altered in patients with COVID-19 compared to non-COVID-19 individuals, regardless of medication received. Certain gut commensals known for their immunomodulatory potential were underrepresented in patients and remained low even after disease resolution. Additionally, the altered gut microbiome composition correlated with disease severity and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and blood markers.

GUT (2021)

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Editorial Material Endocrinology & Metabolism

The association between metformin treatment and COVID-19 outcomes according to metformin continuation during hospitalisation

Abdallah Al-Salameh et al.

DIABETES & METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Prior Glucose-Lowering Medication Use and 30-Day Outcomes Among 64,892 Veterans With Diabetes and COVID-19

Pandora L. Wander et al.

Summary: Higher HbA(1c) levels and insulin use were directly associated with adverse outcomes among veterans with diabetes and COVID-19, while the use of a GLP1-RA, metformin, and SGLT2i showed inverse associations.

DIABETES CARE (2021)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Aging & COVID-19 susceptibility, disease severity, and clinical outcomes: The role of entangled risk factors

Melina Farshbafnadi et al.

Summary: The elderly population is at a higher risk of severe impacts from COVID-19 due to factors such as increased ACE-2 expression, immune dysregulation, decreased sex hormones, oxidative stress, and comorbidities like cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. These factors contribute to the higher mortality and morbidity rates observed in older adults infected with SARS-CoV-2.

EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Serum Amyloid A Protein as a useful biomarker to predict COVID-19 patients severity and prognosis

Massimo Pieri et al.

Summary: This study found that SAA levels in COVID-19 patients are closely related to disease severity and patient prognosis, with high predictive value for predicting patient survival.

INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Interferon-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are excellent biomarkers for the prediction of COVID-19 progression and severity

Riham Abdel-Hamid Haroun et al.

Summary: The study found that markers such as IP-10 and SAA were significantly elevated in severe to critically severe COVID-19 patients, while lymphocyte count was significantly decreased. ROC curve analysis showed that IP-10 had better predictive ability in discriminating between infection levels.

LIFE SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Respiratory System

Elevated glucose level leads to rapid COVID-19 progression and high fatality

Wenjun Wang et al.

Summary: Older age, elevated glucose level, and clinical indicators related to systemic inflammatory responses and multiple organ failures predict both the disease progression and the fatality of COVID-19 patients.

BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Glucose-lowering drugs and outcome from COVID-19 among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a population-wide analysis in Hong Kong

Andrea On Yan Luk et al.

Summary: The study revealed that patients using metformin and DPP-4 inhibitors had fewer adverse outcomes from COVID-19, while insulin and sulphonylureas might indicate a worse prognosis.

BMJ OPEN (2021)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Serum amyloid A concentrations, COVID-19 severity and mortality: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Angelo Zinellu et al.

Summary: The systematic review and meta-analysis found that serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with severe disease and non-survivors, highlighting its potential utility in risk stratification and monitoring.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Presence of a SARS-CoV-2 Protein Enhances Amyloid Formation of Serum Amyloid A

Asis K. Jana et al.

Summary: The severity and progression of COVID-19 can be indicated by the overexpression of serum amyloid A (SAA), which may pose a risk for SAA amyloidosis. Studies suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infections may lead to a long-term risk of SAA amyloidosis and related pathologies.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 Hospitalization and Mortality: A Large Claims-Based Analysis Among People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the United States

Kristina S. Boye et al.

Summary: This study found diabetes to be an independent risk factor for COVID-19 complications, with factors such as age, gender, dementia, metastatic tumors, congestive heart failure, paraplegia, and metabolic diseases also affecting hospitalization risk. Notably, metformin was associated with lower odds of hospitalization, while sulfonylureas and insulins were associated with higher odds in T2D patients.

DIABETES THERAPY (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

A Machine-Generated View of the Role of Blood Glucose Levels in the Severity of COVID-19

Emmanuelle Logette et al.

Summary: The research found that elevated blood glucose is a key factor in the progression of COVID-19 and can facilitate the disease through multiple mechanisms, explaining the differences in disease severity across populations. The study provides diagnostic considerations, new areas of research, and potential treatments, while also cautioning on the need for careful treatment strategies and critical care conditions that induce elevations in blood glucose levels.

FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal