Journal
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
Volume 14, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2021.3128767
Keywords
Modulation; Signal to noise ratio; Optical transmitters; Optical filters; Power lasers; Optical fiber communication; Optical receivers; Data centers; FlexPAM; integrated photonics; PAM-16
Funding
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) [18/SIRG/5579, 13/RC/2077-P2, 12/RC/2276-P2]
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Flexible Pulse Amplitude Modulation (FlexPAM) is a technique that uses non-standard PAM formats to increase link capacity. This paper demonstrates FlexPAM as a scalable solution for future data center interconnects and introduces a symbol-to-bit mapping method to minimize the effect of intensity noise. Experimental results show that 20 GBaud transmission was successfully achieved using FlexPAM over 1 km of single-mode fiber without amplification.
Flexible Pulse Amplitude Modulation (FlexPAM) consists of the use of non-standard PAM formats, such as PAM-5 or PAM-6, to increase the granularity of the link capacity for a given baud rate. In this paper, we demonstrate FlexPAM systems as a scalable solution for future data center interconnects, introduce a symbol-to-bit mapping that minimizes the effect of intensity noise in the performance of non-power of two number of levels formats, and present experimental and simulation results of an unamplified FlexPAM transmission system over 1 km of single-mode fiber. 20 GBaud transmission was successfully demonstrated experimentally for modulation formats ranging from OOK up to PAM-16 using an integrated InP-Si3N4 laser. In addition, a simulation to closely replicate the experiment was used to determine the system requirements to achieve transmission rates of up to 200 Gbps on a single wavelength, at a baud rate of 53.5 Gbaud with component bandwidth limitations of 30 GHz.
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