4.5 Article

Tensile Properties and Fracture Morphology of Acacia Caesia Bark Fibers Treated with Different Alkali Concentrations

Journal

JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
Volume 19, Issue 15, Pages 11258-11269

Publisher

TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15440478.2021.2022562

Keywords

Acacia caesia bark fiber; alkali treatment; single fiber tensile test; fracture morphology

Funding

  1. King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [RSP-2021/355]

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The tensile strength and fracture morphology of fibers extracted from Acacia Caesia bark were investigated for their potential use as reinforcement in polymer composites. The study found that fibers treated with 10% NaOH showed the highest tensile strength and exhibited various fracture morphologies.
The tensile strength of fibers extracted by retting from Acacia Caesia bark was measured and their fracture morphology was examined, with the idea to propose their potential use as the reinforcement in polymer composites. Four categories of fibers were investigated, namely untreated and treated with a concentration of 5, 10 and 15% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for 24 hours at ambient temperature. The increase of alkali concentration resulted in a gradual reduction of hemicellulose, wax, and moisture, which on the other side increased the fiber density. Single fiber tensile tests were performed according to ASTM D3822 standard. The fracture surfaces of the fibers were observed using an optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The tensile tests revealed that the 10% NaOH treatment sample showed the highest performance, namely an average tensile strength of 16.2 (+/- 5.63) N with an ultimate elongation of 4.6 (+/- 1.0)%. SEM evidenced the different possible morphologies of Acacia Caesia bark fiber fractures, including sliding and tearing, splitting and torsion of fibrils.

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