Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 13, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13112250
Keywords
influenza A viruses; zoonosis; livestock farming; pandemic; animal-human interface; avian influenza; swine influenza; equine influenza
Categories
Funding
- European Research Council (ERC) [882631]
- German Research Foundation (DFG) [HA 7035/2-1, SCHW 632/23-1]
- European Research Council (ERC) [882631] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Zoonotic infections of humans with influenza A viruses (IAVs) from animal reservoirs can lead to severe disease and pandemic outbreaks. The creation of manmade reservoirs through livestock farming has significantly facilitated the transmission of IAVs between humans and animals. Controlling IAV spread within these animal reservoirs and monitoring the emergence of new strains with pandemic potential are crucial in reducing zoonotic events.
Zoonotic infections of humans with influenza A viruses (IAVs) from animal reservoirs can result in severe disease in individuals and, in rare cases, lead to pandemic outbreaks; this is exemplified by numerous cases of human infection with avian IAVs (AIVs) and the 2009 swine influenza pandemic. In fact, zoonotic transmissions are strongly facilitated by manmade reservoirs that were created through the intensification and industrialization of livestock farming. This can be witnessed by the repeated introduction of IAVs from natural reservoirs of aquatic wild bird metapopulations into swine and poultry, and the accompanied emergence of partially- or fullyadapted human pathogenic viruses. On the other side, human adapted IAV have been (and still are) introduced into livestock by reverse zoonotic transmission. This link to manmade reservoirs was also observed before the 20th century, when horses seemed to have been an important reservoir for IAVs but lost relevance when the populations declined due to increasing industrialization. Therefore, to reduce zoonotic events, it is important to control the spread of IAV within these animal reservoirs, for example with efficient vaccination strategies, but also to critically surveil the different manmade reservoirs to evaluate the emergence of new IAV strains with pandemic potential.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available