Genome Editing Strategies to Protect Livestock from Viral Infections

The livestock industry is constantly threatened by viral disease outbreaks, including infections with zoonotic potential. While preventive vaccination is frequently applied, disease control and eradication also depend on strict biosecurity measures. Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and associated proteins (Cas) have been repurposed as genome editors to induce targeted double-strand breaks at almost any location in the genome. Thus, CRISPR/Cas genome editors can also be utilized to generate disease-resistant or resilient livestock, develop vaccines, and further understand virus-host interactions. Genes of interest in animals and viruses can be targeted to understand their functions during infection. Furthermore, transgenic animals expressing CRISPR/Cas can be generated to target the viral genome upon infection. Genetically modified livestock can thereby reduce disease outbreaks and decrease zoonotic threats.

Automated summary

The livestock industry faces constant threats from viral diseases, but CRISPR/Cas technology can be used to generate disease-resistant livestock, develop vaccines, and enhance understanding of virus-host interactions. Targeting genes can help reduce disease outbreaks and decrease the risk of zoonotic diseases.