Journal
VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 34, Issue 10, Pages 679-688Publisher
MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
DOI: 10.1089/vim.2021.0071
Keywords
COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; IL-1; cytokine inhibitors
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COVID-19 infection may lead to cytokine storms, causing severe inflammation and organ damage. Interleukin-1 plays a crucial role in this process, and the use of IL-1 inhibitors may be beneficial in controlling the inflammatory response.
The newfound coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), initiated by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an international public health concern, threatening the lives of millions of people worldwide. The virus seems to have a propensity to infect older males, especially those with underlying diseases. The cytokine storm following hyperactivated immune responses due to SARS-CoV-2 infection is probably the crucial source of severe pneumonia that leads to acute lung injury, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, or acute respiratory distress syndrome, and finally multiple organ dysfunction syndromes, as well as death in many cases. Several studies revealed that interleukin (IL)-1 beta levels were elevated during COVID-19 infection. In addition, the IL-1 cytokine family has a pivotal role in the induction of cytokine storm due to uncontrolled immune responses in COVID-19 infection. This article reviews the role of IL-1 in inflammation and utilization of IL-1 inhibitor agents in controlling the inflammatory outcomes initiated by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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