Journal
VACCINE
Volume 39, Issue 41, Pages 6019-6024Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.092
Keywords
Flu and COVID; COVID19; SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza; COVID and T cell immunity; COVID and immune response; SARS-CoV-2 antigen specific immunity
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01AI108472, AG068110, P30AI073961]
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This study found a correlation between influenza specific T cell immunity and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers who had past SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting a potential impact on immunity against COVID-19.
Influenza vaccination is widely advocated to avoid infection with influenza virus, a serious respiratory pathogen, and this was greatly emphasized during the raging COVID-19 epidemic. We conducted a study for baseline Flu specific immunity in a group of health care workers with documented past SARs-CoV-2 infection (designated COVID+) with mild or no symptoms and compared them with a control group that had not been infected with SARS CoV-2 (COVID-). Concurrently, we examined flu and SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses using the AIM (activation induced molecules) assay by flow cytometry. All COVID+ and 40% COVID-participants exhibited AIM responses to SARS-CoV-2 peptides, but only COVID+ were positive for SARs-CoV-2 antibody. Influenza HIN1 antigen specific CD4 T cells were found in 92% COVID+ and 76% COVID-participants and exhibited a strong direct correlation with SARS-CoV-2 specific CD4 T cells. This observation suggests that influenza specific T cell immunity may impact immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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