4.6 Review

COVID-19 in pregnancy: implications for fetal brain development

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Placental Tissue Destruction and Insufficiency From COVID-19 Causes Stillbirth and Neonatal Death From Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury

David A. Schwartz et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the mechanism of stillbirth and neonatal death following maternal infection with COVID-19. The findings suggest that placental abnormalities caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection result in placental malperfusion and insufficiency, leading to fetal hypoxic-ischemic injury and perinatal death.

ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE (2022)

Review Neurosciences

Patient-Derived In Vitro Models of Microglial Function and Synaptic Engulfment in Schizophrenia

Steven D. Sheridan et al.

Summary: Multiple lines of evidence suggest that dysregulated microglia-mediated synaptic pruning plays a key role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In vitro human cellular studies provide a promising approach to investigate this hypothesis, complementing animal models and postmortem human data. Different methods have their limitations, but patient-derived microglia models may facilitate the identification of novel regulators of synaptic pruning and biomarkers for targeted early interventions.

BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY (2022)

Article Immunology

SARS-CoV-2 Placentitis Associated With B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant and Fetal Distress or Demise

Lydia L. Shook et al.

Summary: In this brief report, 2 cases of fetal demise and 1 case of severe fetal distress in maternal delta-variant SARS-CoV-2 infection are presented. SARS-CoV-2 placentitis may be a potential mechanism for the increased risk of stillbirth observed in delta-variant COVID-19. Limited information is available on the specific impact of maternal infection with the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (delta) variant on pregnancy outcomes.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

Review Immunology

Proteolytic activation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

Makoto Takeda

Summary: This review discusses the crucial role of S protein cleavage in coronavirus infection, particularly focusing on SARS-CoV-2. The complexity of the cleavage activation mechanism of the S protein is highlighted, with different cleavage sites and motifs involved. Variants of concern with enhanced infectivity have emerged during the ongoing pandemic, demonstrating the significant impact of changes in S protein cleavability on viral infectivity and virulence.

MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Maternal-fetal immune responses in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2

Valeria Garcia-Flores et al.

Summary: This study presents the maternal-fetal immune responses triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and highlights the rarity of placental infection. A T-cell dominant inflammatory response is observed at the maternal-fetal interface, but the virus remains undetectable in the placenta while triggering specific immune responses in the neonatal circulation.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Article Pediatrics

Association of Birth During the COVID-19 Pandemic With Neurodevelopmental Status at 6 Months in Infants With and Without In Utero Exposure to Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Lauren C. Shuffrey et al.

Summary: This study found differences in neurodevelopment at 6 months for children born during the COVID-19 pandemic, but no significant association with in utero exposure to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection.

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2022)

Letter Obstetrics & Gynecology

Increasing severity of COVID-19 in pregnancy with Delta (B.1.617.2) variant surge

Emily H. Adhikari et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2022)

Review Obstetrics & Gynecology

Vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Alexander M. Kotlyar et al.

Summary: The study found that 3.2% of 936 neonates from mothers with coronavirus disease 2019 tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral RNA using nasopharyngeal swab. The rates of infection are similar to those of other pathogens causing congenital infections but further research is needed to determine the rates of vertical transmission in early pregnancy and potential risk for fetal morbidity and mortality.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2021)

Article Immunology

Infant Outcomes Following Maternal Infection With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): First Report From the Pregnancy Coronavirus Outcomes Registry (PRIORITY) Study

Valerie J. Flaherman et al.

Summary: After analyzing data from a US registry of 263 infants, it was found that maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection did not have any significant impact on birth weight, respiratory issues, or respiratory infections in infants up to 8 weeks of age.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Article Pediatrics

Outcomes of Neonates Born to Mothers With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection at a Large Medical Center in New York City

Dani Dumitriu et al.

Summary: Limited data are available on vertical and perinatal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and health outcomes of neonates born to mothers with COVID-19. This retrospective cohort analysis of 101 neonates born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection showed no evidence of vertical transmission, with maternal severe/critical COVID-19 associated with earlier birth and increased risk of requiring phototherapy in newborns.

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2021)

Editorial Material Immunology

Gatekeepers of the fetus: Characterization of placental macrophages

Christina Megli et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2021)

Article Immunology

Neuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2 in human and mouse brain

Eric Song et al.

Summary: The study showed through three approaches that SARS-CoV-2 is capable of infecting brain neurons, leading to metabolic changes and pathological features without triggering type I interferon responses. These results provide evidence for the neuroinvasive capacity of SARS-CoV-2 and the unexpected consequence of direct infection of neurons by the virus.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2021)

Article Neurosciences

Maternal immune activation in mice disrupts proteostasis in the fetal brain

Brian T. Kalish et al.

Summary: The study found that maternal immune activation in mice induces changes in the mRNA translation machinery in the fetal brain and activates the integrated stress response in male fetuses, which mediates neurobehavioral abnormalities.

NATURE NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

Article Immunology

The legacy of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection on the immunology of the neonate

Sarah Gee et al.

Summary: The immune system of neonates born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is affected, with increased percentages of certain immune cells and enhanced cytokine functionality. Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 seems limited, as evidenced by nonspecific immune imprinting and lack of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM in neonates despite maternal IgG transfer.

NATURE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

Article Neurosciences

SARS-CoV-2-associated cytokine storm during pregnancy as a possible risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorder development in post-pandemic infants

Claudia P. Figueiredo et al.

Summary: There is a strong link between perinatal viral infections and neurodevelopmental disorders. COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, may impact fetal brain development. Further research is needed to understand the potential effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on fetal brain development and the long-term consequences for offspring's neurocognitive functions.

NEUROPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

Review Immunology

Maternal immune responses and obstetrical outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 and possible health risks of offspring

Marcelo Borges Cavalcante et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly spread worldwide, affecting young adults of reproductive age the most. Pregnant women with COVID-19 may have increased risks of preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and adverse developmental outcomes for their offspring. It is recommended to monitor the structural and systemic health of offspring exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in utero.

JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

Article Neurosciences

Frequency and profile of objective cognitive deficits in hospitalized patients recovering from COVID-19

Abhishek Jaywant et al.

Summary: Most COVID-19 patients who require acute rehabilitation prior to discharge exhibit cognitive impairment, with deficits commonly seen in working memory, set-shifting, divided attention, and processing speed. Interventions targeting attention and executive dysfunctions may be beneficial for this population.

NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Disease Severity and Perinatal Outcomes of Pregnant Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Torri D. Metz et al.

Summary: This study found that pregnant patients with severe-critical COVID-19, but not those with mild-moderate COVID-19, were at increased risk of perinatal complications compared to those without symptoms.

OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2021)

Article Cell Biology

Maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection elicits sexually dimorphic placental immune responses

Evan A. Bordt et al.

Summary: There is a persistent bias toward higher prevalence and increased severity of COVID-19 in males. After infection with SARS-CoV-2, pregnant women with male fetuses show altered placental antibody transfer, interferon responses, and protein expression patterns. This study demonstrates a fetal sex-specific immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in pregnant women.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Distinct trans-placental effects of maternal immune activation by TLR3 and TLR7 agonists: implications for schizophrenia risk

Jaedeok Kwon et al.

Summary: Exposure to infection in utero can increase the risk of psychiatric diseases in later life, with different effects observed between double-stranded virus mimetics and single-stranded virus mimetics. Single-stranded virus mimetics induced a more pronounced immune response in pregnant mice and had significant implications for modeling diseases in offspring where maternal virus exposure contributes to environmental disease risk.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

Article Pediatrics

Neuroimaging manifestations in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multinational, multicentre collaborative study

Camilla E. Lindan et al.

Summary: This study analyzed 38 cases of pediatric neurological diseases related to SARS-CoV-2 infection, identifying a variety of neuroimaging abnormalities. Imaging patterns included postinfectious immune-mediated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis-like changes, myelitis, and neural enhancement. Splenial lesions and myositis were observed predominantly in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome.

LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH (2021)

Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Pregnancy alters interleukin-1 beta expression and antiviral antibody responses during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection

Morgan L. Sherer et al.

Summary: Pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection showed increased interleukin-1 beta levels and reduced antispike receptor-binding domain immunoglobulin G titers, with lower levels of neutralizing antibody compared to nonpregnant women. Placental inflammation and inhibited maternal transfer of neutralizing antibodies were observed, potentially impacting the efficacy of COVID-19 treatment during pregnancy. Ongoing research is needed to fully understand the long-term implications of these findings on neonatal health.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2021)

Review Psychiatry

Neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19, potential neurotropic mechanisms, and therapeutic interventions

Ying Han et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant economic and social losses, with reports of neuropsychiatric symptoms in addition to respiratory issues, potentially leading to worsened outcomes and poor prognosis. Monitoring individuals exposed to the virus and developing strategies to prevent neuropsychiatric complications are crucial during the pandemic for short- and long-term recovery.

TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The impact of COVID-19 infection on the cytokine profile of pregnant women: A prospective case-control study

Atakan Tanacan et al.

Summary: The study found that COVID-19 infection affects the cytokine profile of pregnant women, varying according to pregnancy trimesters, and cytokine levels appear to be correlated with disease severity.

CYTOKINE (2021)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Risk for Stillbirth Among Women With and Without COVID-19 at Delivery Hospitalization — United States, March 2020–September 2021

Carla L. DeSisto et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

Article Pediatrics

Association Between the COVID-19 Pandemic and Infant Neurodevelopment: A Comparison Before and During COVID-19

Peiyuan Huang et al.

Summary: The study revealed that experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic may be associated with a higher risk of delay in fine motor and communication development in 1-year-old children, with the association in communication delay only existing in first-born children.

FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS (2021)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Placental Immune Responses to Viruses: Molecular and Histo-Pathologic Perspectives

Kavita Narang et al.

Summary: Congenital and perinatal infections pose significant risks to pregnant women, potentially leading to fetal infection and long-term developmental consequences. Some pathogens can directly infect the fetus by crossing the placenta, while others induce maternal or placental inflammation that indirectly harms the fetus. The placenta is a temporary but critical organ that plays vital roles in facilitating fetal nutrition, oxygenation, and protection against in utero infection.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

Review Clinical Neurology

Coronavirus Infections in the Nervous System of Children: A Scoping Review Making the Case for Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Surveillance

Timothy G. Singer et al.

Summary: This study describes case literature of human coronavirus infections in the nervous system of children, including those from SARS-CoV-2, and provides guidance for managing potential long-term effects on neurodevelopment. Various human coronaviruses may cause neurological diseases in children, highlighting a critical gap in knowledge about long-term effects on child neurodevelopment.

PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY (2021)

Article Acoustics

Ultrasound and Doppler findings in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection

E. Soto-Torres et al.

Summary: The study found no significant differences in abnormal fetal ultrasound and Doppler findings between pregnant women who were positive for COVID-19 and controls. However, COVID-19-positive women had a higher rate of preterm delivery.

ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY (2021)

Article Pathology

Placenta histopathology in SARS-CoV-2 infection: analysis of a consecutive series and comparison with control cohorts

Luca Bertero et al.

Summary: The study found that placentas delivered by women with COVID-19 showed certain pathological characteristics, which may be associated with the pathogenesis of the disease. While some changes remained statistically significant before and after cesarean section, careful consideration of potential confounders is necessary in future studies exploring the relationship between COVID-19 and pregnancy.

VIRCHOWS ARCHIV (2021)

Article Pediatrics

Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Among Pregnant Women With and Without COVID-19 Infection The INTERCOVID Multinational Cohort Study

Jose Villar et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the risks associated with COVID-19 in pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcomes compared with pregnant individuals without COVID-19, finding that pregnant individuals with COVID-19 were at higher risk for various complications such as preeclampsia, severe infections, and preterm birth. The findings emphasize the importance for pregnant individuals and clinicians to strictly implement recommended COVID-19 preventive measures.

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2021)

Article Psychiatry

Umbilical cord blood-derived microglia-like cells to model COVID-19 exposure

Steven D. Sheridan et al.

Summary: This study aimed to create personalized neonatal microglial-like cell models from reprogrammed umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells to explore the immune challenge posed by maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection to the fetal brain, and assist in identifying potential childhood neurodevelopmental vulnerabilities.

TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY (2021)

Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

SARS-CoV-2 targets glial cells in human cortical organoids

Courtney L. McMahon et al.

Summary: Researchers used human stem cell-derived brain organoids to study how SARS-CoV-2 infects brain tissue and found that glial cells and cells of the choroid plexus were preferentially targeted, while neurons were not infected. The expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 was detected in infected cells, but viral replication and cell death did not occur, indicating that this model serves as a feasible platform to study the cellular effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in brain tissue.

STEM CELL REPORTS (2021)

Article Microbiology

Term Human Placental Trophoblasts Express SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors ACE2, TMPRSS2, and Furin

Yingshi Ouyang et al.

Summary: Research has shown that the main entry factors for SARS-CoV-2 are expressed in human placental trophoblasts, but not in other placental villous cells. The placental defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection likely involves post-entry processing mechanisms.

MSPHERE (2021)

Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Unlikely SARS-CoV-2 Transmission During Vaginal Delivery

Claudio Fenizia et al.

Summary: This study investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in vaginal, rectal, and blood samples from pregnant women with different COVID-19 severity. The virus was detected in 27% of rectal swabs from pregnant women in the third trimester, but low levels were found in vaginal swabs and plasma samples, with no virus detected in newborns' nasopharyngeal swabs.

REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES (2021)

Review Immunology

COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy and Lactation: Current Research and Gaps in Understanding

Lydia L. Shook et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need to develop vaccine strategies optimized for pregnant people and their newborns, even though pregnant individuals were not included in vaccine trials but have had access to them since release. The rapid distribution of COVID-19 vaccines to at-risk individuals, including pregnant and lactating women, provides an unprecedented opportunity to understand vaccine-induced immunity in these populations.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

Article Immunology

Inefficient Placental Virus Replication and Absence of Neonatal Cell-Specific Immunity Upon Sars-CoV-2 Infection During Pregnancy

Ann-Christin Tallarek et al.

Summary: The virus replicates inefficiently in placental tissues, specific SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses are detected in pregnant women, and vertical transmission is rare.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

Article Psychiatry

Advancing Autism Research From Mice to Marmosets: Behavioral Development of Offspring Following Prenatal Maternal Immune Activation

Danielle Santana-Coelho et al.

Summary: The study adapted the murine maternal immune activation model to develop and characterize a prenatal MIA model in marmosets, showing that marmosets are an excellent non-human primate model for investigating the consequences of prenatal challenges like MIA on neurodevelopment and behavior. Further studies are needed to fully understand the impact of prenatal inflammation on marmoset development and explore potential therapeutic interventions for clinical applications.

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY (2021)

Article Pediatrics

Neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalised children and adolescents in the UK: a prospective national cohort study

Stephen T. J. Ray et al.

Summary: This UK study on children with SARS-CoV-2 infection and neurological or psychiatric complications identified key differences between those with primary neurological disorders and those with PIMS-TS, highlighting the need for further investigation into underlying mechanisms and longer-term outcomes.

LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH (2021)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Transmission, viral kinetics and clinical characteristics of the emergent SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC in Guangzhou, China

Yaping Wang et al.

Summary: Infection with the Delta variant of concern (VOC) is characterized by a shorter incubation period, higher viral load, and longer duration of viral shedding, with an increased risk of critical illness for patients over the age of 60, calling for more intensive prevention and control measures.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 crosses the blood-brain barrier accompanied with basement membrane disruption without tight junctions alteration

Ling Zhang et al.

Summary: The study found evidence supporting that SARS-CoV-2 can cross the blood-brain barrier in transcellular pathways based on experiments in mice and hamsters. The transmission pathway involves disrupted basement membrane without obvious alteration of tight junctions.

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY (2021)

Letter Obstetrics & Gynecology

Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2: consider the denominator

Lydia L. Shook et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY MFM (2021)

Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pregnant Women: Neuroimmune-Endocrine Changes at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

Marcelo Gomes Granja et al.

Summary: COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has devastating effects on the global population, especially concerning vulnerable individuals like pregnant women. While pregnancy may be a risk factor for respiratory virus infections, there are currently no significant differences in COVID-19 severity observed between pregnant and nonpregnant women. The possibility of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric harm to the offspring of infected mothers is a concern, although there is no strong evidence indicating vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

NEUROIMMUNOMODULATION (2021)

Review Reproductive Biology

Placental serotonin signaling, pregnancy outcomes, and regulation of fetal brain development

Cheryl S. Rosenfeld

BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION (2020)

Editorial Material Obstetrics & Gynecology

Classification system and case definition for SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates

Prakesh S. Shah et al.

ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA (2020)

Article Pathology

Placental Pathology in COVID-19

Elisheva D. Shanes et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY (2020)

Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19

John B. Moore et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Contributions of maternal and fetal antiviral immunity in congenital disease

Laura J. Yockey et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Article Immunology

TH17 responses in cytokine storm of COVID-19: An emerging target of JAK2 inhibitor Fedratinib

Dandan Wu et al.

JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION (2020)

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression

Puja Mehta et al.

LANCET (2020)

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Universal Screening for SARS-CoV-2 in Women Admitted for Delivery

Desmond Sutton et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Pre-eclampsia-like syndrome induced by severe COVID-19: a prospective observational study

M. Mendoza et al.

BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY (2020)

Article Virology

Evidence and possible mechanisms of rare maternal-fetal transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Charles Egloff et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY (2020)

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Association of SARS-CoV-2 Test Status and Pregnancy Outcomes

Mia Ahlberg et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women With and Without Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

Emily H. Adhikari et al.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2020)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Birth and Infant Outcomes Following Laboratory-Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pregnancy - SET-NET, 16 Jurisdictions, March 29-October 14, 2020

Kate R. Woodworth et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2020)

Review Pediatrics

COVID-19 in pregnancy: the foetal perspective-a systematic review

Rajani Dube et al.

BMJ PAEDIATRICS OPEN (2020)

Article Psychiatry

Long-term Risk of Neuropsychiatric Disease After Exposure to Infection In Utero

Benjamin J. S. al-Haddad et al.

JAMA PSYCHIATRY (2019)

Review Obstetrics & Gynecology

The fetal origins of mental illness

Benjamin J. S. al-Haddad et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The microbiota regulate neuronal function and fear extinction learning

Coco Chu et al.

NATURE (2019)

Article Cell Biology

Human Cerebral Organoids and Fetal Brain Tissue Share Proteomic Similarities

Juliana Minardi Nascimento et al.

FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2019)

Review Neurosciences

Brain changes in a maternal immune activation model of neurodevelopmental brain disorders

Lara Bergdolt et al.

PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY (2019)

Review Neurosciences

Maternal IL-17A in autism

Helen Wong et al.

EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY (2018)

Review Neurosciences

Complement: The Emerging Architect of the Developing Brain

Liam G. Coulthard et al.

TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES (2018)

Review Psychiatry

Maternal Immune Activation and Neuropsychiatric Illness: A Translational Research Perspective

Alan S. Brown et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY (2018)

Review Behavioral Sciences

Increasing Role of Maternal Immune Activation in Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Julie Boulanger-Bertolus et al.

FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE (2018)

Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Risks associated with viral infections during pregnancy

Karen Racicot et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2017)

Article Immunology

Prenatal infection leads to ASD-like behavior and altered synaptic pruning in the mouse offspring

Lourdes Fernandez de Cossio et al.

BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY (2017)

Article Clinical Neurology

Maternal Immune Activation Disrupts Dopamine System in the Offspring

Antonio Luchicchi et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2016)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Zika Virus Associated with Microcephaly

Jernej Mlakar et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2016)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The maternal interleukin-17a pathway in mice promotes autism-like phenotypes in offspring

Gloria B. Choi et al.

SCIENCE (2016)

Review Immunology

Viral Infections During Pregnancy

Michelle Silasi et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY (2015)

Review Obstetrics & Gynecology

Infections and Brain Development

Christina N. Cordeiro et al.

OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY (2015)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Tissue-resident macrophages originate from yolk-sac-derived erythro-myeloid progenitors

Elisa Gomez Perdiguero et al.

NATURE (2015)

Article Psychology, Developmental

Maternal Infection During Pregnancy and Autism Spectrum Disorders

Ousseny Zerbo et al.

JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2015)

Article Psychiatry

Elevated Maternal C-Reactive Protein and Increased Risk of Schizophrenia in a National Birth Cohort

Sarah Canetta et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY (2014)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The impact of leptin on perinatal development and psychopathology

Jeanette C. Valleau et al.

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL NEUROANATOMY (2014)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging reveals increased DOI-induced brain activity in a mouse model of schizophrenia

Natalia V. Malkova et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2014)

Review Obstetrics & Gynecology

Influenza, Immune System, and Pregnancy

Renju S. Raj et al.

REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES (2014)

Review Developmental Biology

Influence of infection during pregnancy on fetal development

Kristina M. Adams Waldorf et al.

REPRODUCTION (2013)

Review Neurosciences

Placental serotonin: implications for the developmental effects of SSRIs and maternal depression

Juan C. Velasquez et al.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE (2013)

Review Neurosciences

The Complement System: An Unexpected Role in Synaptic Pruning During Development and Disease

Alexander H. Stephan et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF NEUROSCIENCE, VOL 35 (2012)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Modeling an autism risk factor in mice leads to permanent immune dysregulation

Elaine Y. Hsiao et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2012)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A transient placental source of serotonin for the fetal forebrain

Alexandre Bonnin et al.

NATURE (2011)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Synaptic Pruning by Microglia Is Necessary for Normal Brain Development

Rosa C. Paolicelli et al.

SCIENCE (2011)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Fate Mapping Analysis Reveals That Adult Microglia Derive from Primitive Macrophages

Florent Ginhoux et al.

SCIENCE (2010)

Review Behavioral Sciences

Immune involvement in schizophrenia and autism: Etiology, pathology and animal models

Paul H. Patterson

BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH (2009)

Review Microbiology

Neuropathogenesis of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Disease Mechanisms and Prospects for Intervention

Maxim C. -J. Cheeran et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS (2009)

Article Neurosciences

Maternal immune activation alters fetal brain development through interleukin-6

Stephen E. P. Smith et al.

JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE (2007)

Article Neurosciences

Serotonin modulates the response of embryonic thalamocortical axons to netrin-1

Alexandre Bonnin et al.

NATURE NEUROSCIENCE (2007)

Article Clinical Neurology

Apoptosis and microglial activation in influenza encephalopathy

Y Nakai et al.

ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA (2003)