Hormetic-like dose-response induced by alternagin-C, a protein isolated from urutu snake (Rhinocerophis alternatus) venom, in fish (Hoplias malabaricus) cardiac contractility

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of alternagin-C, a disintegrin-like protein from Rhinocerophis alternatus venom, on myocardial contractility of the freshwater fish Hoplias malabaricus, an alternative model to contractile function studies. Alternagin-C treatment exhibited a hormetic-like dose-response curve with a strong positive inotropism and enhanced cardiac pumping capacity at low dose, whereas a modest inotropism and a left shift in the force-frequency relationship was registered at high dose.

Automated summary

The study evaluated the effects of different doses of alternagin-C on myocardial contractility of the fish Hoplias malabaricus. Results showed a hormetic-like dose-response curve, with strong positive inotropism at low doses and modest inotropism and left shift in the force-frequency relationship at high doses.