Journal
SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE
Volume 57, Issue 4, Pages 495-503Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2021.2019778
Keywords
Self-report; urinalysis; concordance; substance use; criminal justice; generalized linear mixed models
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Funding
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) [R01DA022967]
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This study assessed the concordance between self-reported marijuana and cocaine use and urine drug analysis results in a sample of Black American women, some with criminal justice exposure. Baseline drug use status was found to be the most consistent predictor of non-concordance, with individuals recruited while on probation being more likely to have false negative results. Additionally, the concordance rates for marijuana increased over the follow-up period.
Background Obtaining accurate drug use data is important in the field of substance use research. Urinalysis, considered gold standard, can be costly or infeasible, whereas self-report is quick and easy, but susceptible to imperfect recall or misrepresentation. It is important to determine the concordance between self-report and urinalysis, and better understand the contexts and participant characteristics that influence self-report accuracy. The current study aims to assess this concordance for marijuana and cocaine in a sample of Black American women, some with criminal justice exposure, and to investigate predictors of non-concordance. Methods In this longitudinal study, a sample of Black American women were recruited from community, prison, and probation settings. Self-report drug use and urine drug screens were obtained at 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-ups, allowing for the calculation of concordance. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess participant characteristics that predicted non-concordance (both false positives and false negatives). Results In general, there was agreement between self-report and urinalysis results for both marijuana and cocaine. Baseline drug use status was the most consistent predictor of non-concordance. Individuals recruited while on probation were more likely to have false negative results and less likely to have false positive results. Additionally, concordance rates for marijuana increased over the follow-up period. Conclusions Self-reported marijuana and cocaine use are accurate measures of actual drug consumption in a sample of Black American women with a variety of criminal justice interactions.
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