Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 825, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153862
Keywords
Heavy metal; Mineral; Organic carbon; Interface interactions; Distribution
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [42107037]
- Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation [202102020311]
- Innovation Foundation of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences [212114]
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Agricultural Advantage Industry Discipline Team Building Project [202120TD]
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Soil heavy metal pollution is a globally important ecological and environmental problem. Previous studies have explored the pollution sources, adsorption capacity, and distribution of heavy metals, as well as the phyto-uptake and ecotoxicity of heavy metals. However, there is a lack of systematic reviews on heavy metal pollution in soil-plant systems in the past decade. Understanding the mechanisms of interaction between heavy metals and solid soil components is crucial for effectively controlling and remediating heavy metal pollution.
Heavy metal (HM) pollution of soils is a globally important ecological and environmental problem. Previous studies have focused on i) tracking pollution sources in HM-contaminated soils, ii) exploring the adsorption capacity and distribution of HMs, and iii) assessing phyto-uptake of HMs and their ecotoxicity. However, few reviews have systematically summarized HM pollution in soil-plant systems over the past decade. Understanding the mechanisms of interaction between HMs and solid soil components is consequently key to effectively controlling and remediating HM pollution. However, the compositions of solid soil phases are diverse, their structures are complex, and their spatial arrangements are heterogeneous, all leading to the formation of soil micro-domains that exhibit different particle sizes and surface properties. The various soil components and their interactions ultimately control the speciation, transformation, and bioavailability of HMs in soils. Over the past few decades, the extensive application of advanced instrumental techniques and methods has greatly expanded our understanding of the behavior of HMs in organic mineral assemblages. In this review, studies investigating the immobilization of HMs by minerals, organic compounds, microorganisms, and their associated complexes are summarized, with a particular emphasis on the interfacial adsorption and immobilization of HMs. In addition, methods for analyzing the speciation and distribution of HMs in aggregates of natural soils with different particle sizes are also discussed. Moreover, we also review the methods for speciating HMs at mineral-organic micro-scale interfaces. Lastly, developmental prospects for HM research at inorganic organic interfaces are outlined. In future research, the most advanced methods should be used to characterize the interfaces and in situ characteristics of metals and metal complexes. In particular, the roles and contributions of microorganisms in the immobilization of HMs at complex mineral-organic interfaces require significant further investigation.
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