Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 801, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149599
Keywords
Antimicrobial resistance; Tertiary municipal wastewater treatment; One Health; Whole Genome Sequencing; 16S rDNA sequencing; Bioinformatic analysis
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Funding
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [Grand Challenges Exploitations Brazil] [OPP1193112]
- Foundation for Research Support of the state of Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)
- Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)
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Advanced technologies, such as solar photo-Fenton, have been effective in eliminating antibiotic resistant bacteria and resistance genes from wastewater. High throughput metagenomic analysis revealed significant removal of main phyla and reduction of ARGs using solar-enhanced photo-Fenton.
The effectiveness of advanced technologies on eliminating antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and resistance genes (ARGs) from wastewaters have been recently investigated. Solar photo-Fenton has been proven effective in combating ARB and ARGs from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant effluent (MWWTPE). However, most of these studies have relied solely on cultivable methods to assess ARB removal. This is the first study to investigate the effect of solar photo-Fenton upon ARB and ARGs in MWWTPE by high throughput metagenomic analysis (16S rDNA sequencing and Whole Genome Sequencing). Treatment efficiency upon priority pathogens and resistome profile were also investigated. Solar photo-Fenton (30 mg L-1 of Fe2+ intermittent additions and 50 mg L-1 of H2O2) reached 76-86% removal of main phyla present in MWWTPE. An increase in Proteobacteria abundance was observed after solar photo-Fenton and controls in which H2O2 was present as an oxidant (Fenton, H2O2 only, solar/H2O2). Hence, tolerance mechanisms presented by this group should be further assessed. Solar photo-Fenton achieved complete removal of high priority Staphylococcus and Enterococcus, as well as Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Substantial reduction of intrinsically multi-drug resistant bacteria was detected. Solar photo-Fenton removed nearly 60% of ARGs associated with sulfonamides, macrolides, and tetracyclines, and complete removal of ARGs related to beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones. These results indicate the potential of using solar-enhanced photo-Fenton to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance, especially in developing tropical countries. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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