Spatial-temporal pattern of land use conflict in China and its multilevel driving mechanisms

Land use conflict describes the incoordination of land use structure when meeting the diverse human demands under the deterioration of natural environment, which is a sensitive indicator of human-environmental interac-tion. The increased demand for different land use types due to rapid population growth and urbanization in China places tremendous pressure on limited land resources, which raises great concerns about land use conflict. To solve them, nation-scale assessment is essential, but such kind of research is still lacking due to the high data re-quirements. Here we drew on the conceptual framework of ecological risk assessment and the theories in land-scape ecology, and developed a methodology to derive the spatio-temporal patterns of land use conflict in China from 2001 to 2017. We then used multilevel regression model to identify the driving factors of land use conflict at different levels. The results showed that the areas with strong land use conflict had a higher frequency of land use change, indicating that our model based on the framework of ecological risk assessment could effectively mea-sure land use conflict. Land use conflict showed significant differences between two sides of the Hu Huanyong line, an important division line of population density and socio-economic background. The Main types of land use conflict in China included the strong competition between the use of cultivated land and grassland, the rapid expansion of construction land and the high risk of desertification. Among the driving forces, population density had a positive impact on land use conflict at the upper level, and altitude had a negative impact at the bottom level. Our research provides essential information to solve land use conflict through scientific land use planning and management and further to achieve the sustainable use of land resources. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

This study developed a methodology to derive the spatio-temporal patterns of land use conflict in China from 2001 to 2017, finding that areas with strong land use conflict had a higher frequency of land use change, with significant differences between two sides of the Hu Huanyong line. The main types of land use conflict in China included strong competition between cultivated land and grassland, rapid expansion of construction land, and high risk of desertification.