Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 797, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149228
Keywords
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation; Gas emissions; Nitrogen removal; Feammox; Sulfammox; Wastewater treatment
Categories
Funding
- Council of Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT)
- PAPIIT-UNAM [TA100120, TA100121]
- CONACYT (Frontiers in Science Fund) [682328]
- CONACYT (Ciencia Basica Project) [A1-S-10079]
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This study comprehensively reviews recent biotechnologies related to nitrogen removal processes, including various nitrogen removal processes and the application of new technologies. These technologies can play an important role in wastewater treatment and gas emission control, with the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality.
Wastewaters contaminated with nitrogenous pollutants, derived from anthropogenic activities, have exacerbated our ecosystems sparking environmental problems, such as eutrophication and acidification of water reservoirs, emission of greenhouse gases, death of aquatic organisms, among others. Wastewater treatment facilities (WWTF) combining nitrification and denitrification, and lately partial nitrification coupled to anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), have traditionally been applied for the removal of nitrogen from wastewaters. The present work provides a comprehensive review of the recent biotechnologies developed in which nitrogen-removing processes are relevant for the treatment of both wastewaters and gas emissions. These novel processes include the anammox process with alternative electron acceptors, such as sulfate (sulfammox), ferric iron (feammox), and anodes in microbial electrolysis cells (anodic anammox). New technologies that couple nitrate/nitrite reduction with the oxidation of methane, H2S, volatile methyl siloxanes, and other volatile organic compounds are also described. The potential of these processes for (i) minimizing greenhouse gas emissions from WWTF, (ii) biogas purification, iii) air pollution control is critically discussed considering the factors that might trigger N2O release during nitrate/nitrite reduction. Moreover, this review provides a discussion on the main challenges to tackle towards the consolidation of these novel biotechnologies. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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