Long-term flexible penetrating neural interfaces: materials, structures, and implantation

Penetrating neural interface, which collects the neural electrophysiological signal and serves as a key component in brain-computer interface, has drawn great attention recently. The instability of chronic recording is the main challenge for the conventional neural interface. Novel neural probes with improved long-term performance have been developed based on advanced materials and engineered structures. Here, we review these emergent innovations contributing to chronic stable recording from the perspectives of materials, structures, and implantation methods. These advances make possible further developments in neuroscience research related to neural decoding, neural circuit mechanism analysis, and neurological disease treatment.

Automated summary

Penetrating neural interfaces, essential for brain-computer interfaces, have become a focus of attention due to their ability to collect neural electrophysiological signals. The main challenge for traditional neural interfaces is the instability of chronic recording, but novel neural probes have been developed to improve long-term performance. These advancements in materials, structures, and implantation methods are enabling further progress in neuroscience research related to neural decoding, analysis of neural circuit mechanisms, and treatment of neurological diseases.