Journal
REVIEWS IN THE NEUROSCIENCES
Volume 33, Issue 5, Pages 555-582Publisher
WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0156
Keywords
BDNF; glucocorticoids; neurogenesis; neuroinflammation; neuroplasticity; neurotransmitter
Categories
Funding
- FWO [1803616N]
- Funds Julie Renson, Queen Fabiola and King Baudoin Foundation
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Exercise has a positive effect on pattern separation in the hippocampus, improving episodic memory. It achieves this through pathways involving neuroplasticity, anti-inflammatory effects, and hormonal effects, leading to functional and structural changes in the hippocampus with ultimately impacts on pattern separation.
Exercise has a beneficial effect on mental health and cognitive functioning, but the exact underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this review, we focus on the effect of exercise on hippocampal pattern separation, which is a key component of episodic memory. Research has associated exercise with improvements in pattern separation. We propose an integrated framework mechanistically explaining this relationship. The framework is divided into three pathways, describing the pro-neuroplastic, anti-inflammatory and hormonal effects of exercise. The pathways are heavily intertwined and may result in functional and structural changes in the hippocampus. These changes can ultimately affect pattern separation through direct and indirect connections. The proposed framework might guide future research on the effect of exercise on pattern separation in the hippocampus.
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