Journal
RENEWABLE ENERGY
Volume 185, Issue -, Pages 47-60Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.11.120
Keywords
Single cell oil (SCO); Carbon-based acid solid catalyst; Biodiesel; Rhodotorula mucilaginosa KKUSY14; Dipterocarpus alatus
Funding
- Research and Technology Transfer Affairs of Khon Kaen University under Yang-Na Research Program [2561-2018]
- Khon Kaen University [600086]
- National Research Council of Thailand [41/2563]
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A new approach using Dipterocarpus alatus leaves for the co-production of SCO, carbon-based solid catalyst, and SCO-FAME was successfully demonstrated. The produced catalysts effectively catalyzed the transesterification reaction and achieved high yield of SCO-FAME with improved fuel properties.
A new approach for the co-production of SCO, carbon-based solid catalyst and SCO-FAME using Dipterocarpus alatus leaves (DL) was successfully demonstrated. Undetoxified DL hydrolysate (DLH) was converted into SCO by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa KKUSY14, resulting in SCO of 3.11 g/L with SCO yield reaching 0.19 g/g sugar and 24.9 g SCO/kilogram DL. DLS-SO3H and DLHW-SO3H catalysts were effectively prepared from DL solid residue and cell-free fermented DLH waste (DLHW) through direct sulfonation. The catalysts successfully catalyzed the direct transesterification of SCO-rich wet yeast with SCO-FAME yield >87% under optimal condition. The catalysts can be reused up to three cycles with SCO-FAME yield >80%. SCO-FAME yield of >83% was achieved with regenerated catalyst. The SCO-FAME profile consisted of high MUFA and low PUFA contents that improved cetane number, cold flow properties and oxidative stability. The estimated fuel properties of SCO-FAME based on FAME profiles were found to be in accordance with international biodiesel standards. This approach is a promising innovative strategy that could lead towards a green and economical process for biodiesel production. Furthermore, DLHW represents a new carbon material for novel solid acid catalyst preparation. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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