Journal
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
Volume 149, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111327
Keywords
Overview; Energy management system; Optimization; Main aspects; Main features; Microgrid; Islanded; Isolated; Standalone; Off-grid; Heuristic algorithm; Future trends; Challenges
Funding
- Mexican National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) [709940]
- Villum Fonden [25920]
- Universidad de la Salle Bajio, Guanajuato, Mexico
- Instituto de Sistemas Complejos de Ingenieria (ISCI) ANID PIA/BASAL [AFB180003]
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Islanded microgrids (IMGs) are a promising solution for reliable and environmentally friendly energy supply. The energy management system (EMS) of IMGs has been attracting attention, especially from economic and emissions point of view. Six main aspects of EMS optimization of IMGs include framework, time-frame, uncertainty handling approach, optimizer, objective function, and constraints, with future trends focusing on improved models and advanced techniques.
Islanded microgrids (IMGs) provide a promising solution for reliable and environmentally friendly energy supply to remote areas and off-grid systems. However, the operation management of IMGs is a complex task including the coordination of a variety of distributed energy resources and loads with an intermittent nature in an efficient, stable, reliable, robust, resilient, and self-sufficient manner. In this regard, the energy management system (EMS) of IMGs has been attracting considerable attention during the last years, especially from the economic and emissions point of view. This paper provides an in-depth overview of the EMS optimization problem of IMGs by systematically analyzing the most representative studies. According to the state-of-theart, the optimization of energy management of IMGs has six main aspects, including framework, time-frame, uncertainty handling approach, optimizer, objective function, and constraints. Each of these aspects is discussed in detail and an up-to-date overview of the existing EMSs for IMGs and future trends is provided. The future trends include the need for improved models, advanced data analytic and forecasting techniques, performance assessment of real-time EMSs in the whole MG's control hierarchy, fully effective decentralized EMSs, improved communication and cyber security systems, and validations under real conditions. Besides, a comprehensive overview of the widely-used heuristic optimization methods and their application in EMSs of IMGs as well as their advantages and disadvantages are given. It is hoped that this study presents a solid starting point for future researches to improve the EMS of IMGs.
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