Journal
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
Volume 151, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111622
Keywords
Cellulase; Bioprocess; Solid-state fermentation; Submerged fermentation; Fungi; Bioethanol; On-site production
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC [MOST 109-2221-E-006-040-MY3, MOST 109-3116-F-006-016-CC1, MOST 109-2222-E-992-002]
- En-ergy Sustainability Fund 2014-15 (CONACYT-SENER)
- Mexican Centre for Innovation in Bioenergy (Cemie-Bio-) -Cluster of Bioalcohols [249564]
- Secretary of Public Education of Mexico - Mexican Science and Technology Council (SEP-CONACYT) [254808]
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The increasing population and industrialization have led to a higher demand for liquid fossil fuels, resulting in increased greenhouse gas emissions. Bioethanol, produced from lignocellulosic biomass through enzymes, is considered a potential alternative to fossil fuels. Cellulases have been identified as the limiting factor for bioethanol production, but advances in bioprocesses have significantly reduced their cost, making bioethanol production cost-effective.
Increasing population and industrialization caused increased demand for liquid fossil fuels which in turn increases the greenhouse gas emission. Bioethanol produced from lignocellulosic biomass via enzymatic route is a potential alternative to fossil fuels and is environmentally sustainable. Cellulases have been regarded as the limiting factor for bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass via enzymes. In the last few decades advances in bioprocesses led to reduction in the cost of cellulases by several folds, enabling bioethanol production to become cost-effective. This is the reason for existence of commercial plants for bioethanol production, however; still there are scope for further improvement in bioprocess for cellulase production and research is ongoing worldwide. Researchers face huge challenge while moving from flask and bioreactor research outcomes from a laboratory scale to the pilot scale production, which has been rarely discussed. This review will present those challenges and its probable solutions. Though commercial cellulases are available, it is highly required to have in-house cellulase production technology to be self-reliant. On-site and integrated cellulase production configuration is popular as it seems to be cost-effective. This review will address advances in bioprocesses and challenges for cellulase production which have surfaced in the last decade.
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