Animal models of postpartum depression revisited

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a heterogeneous mood disorder and the most frequent psychiatric complication of the postnatal period. Given its potential long-lasting repercussions on the well-being of the mother and the infants, it should be a priority in public health. In spite of efforts devoted to clinical investigation and preclinical studies, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of this disorder remain unknown in detail. Much of the progress in the area has been made from animal models, especially rodent models. The aim of this mini-review is to update the current rodent models in PPD research and their main contributions to the field. Animal models are critical tools to advance understanding of the pathophysiological basis of this disorder and to help the development of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we group PPD models into 2 main categories (Models based on hormone manipulations, Models based on stress exposure), each of which includes different paradigms that reflect risk factors or physiological conditions associated with this disease. Finally, we provide an overview of emerging models that provide new perspectives on the study of possible pathophysiological factors related to PPD, to contribute to tackling potential therapeutic targets.

Automated summary

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common mood disorder in the postnatal period with potential long-lasting effects on the well-being of mother and infants, making it a priority in public health. Despite efforts in clinical investigation and preclinical studies, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of this disorder remain unknown in detail. Animal models, especially rodent models, have contributed significantly to the progress in this area and are crucial tools for understanding the pathophysiological basis of PPD and developing new therapeutic strategies.