4.8 Article

Geometric frustration produces long-sought Bose metal phase of quantum matter

Publisher

NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2100545118

Keywords

Bose metal; superfluid; frustration; failed insulator

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [11674220, 12042507]

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Research suggests the possibility of a Bose metal phase, which theory currently relies on impurity-based disorder; a proposed universal homogeneous theory for the Bose metal involves geometric frustration confining quantum coherence, resulting in a gapless insulator characterized by dissipative flow that vanishes in the low-energy limit.
Two of the most prominent phases of bosonic matter are the superfluid with perfect flow and the insulator with no flow. A now decades-old mystery unexpectedly arose when experimental observations indicated that bosons could organize into the formation of an entirely different intervening third phase: the Bose metal with dissipative flow. The most viable theory for such a Bose metal to date invokes the use of the extrinsic property of impuritybased disorder; however, a generic intrinsic quantum Bose metal state is still lacking. We propose a universal homogeneous theory for a Bose metal in which geometric frustration confines the essential quantum coherence to a lower dimension. The result is a gapless insulator characterized by dissipative flow that vanishes in the low-energy limit. This failed insulator exemplifies a frustration-dominated regime that is only enhanced by additional scattering sources at low energy and therefore produces a Bose metal that thrives under realistic experimental conditions.

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