Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 118, Issue 44, Pages -Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111031118
Keywords
LysM receptors; legume symbiosis; lipochitooligosaccharide signaling; receptor-ligand interaction; kinetic proofreading
Categories
Funding
- project Engineering Nitrogen Symbiosis for Africa by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- UK Government's Department for International Development
- Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF79]
- US Department of Energy [DE-SC0015662]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0015662] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
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Plants and animals utilize cell surface receptors to sense and interpret environmental signals. A specific class of LCO receptors in legumes has been identified to use kinetic proofreading to activate the receptor and control signaling specificity. This finding highlights the potential for receptor engineering to capture benefits in plant-microbe interactions.
Plants and animals use cell surface receptors to sense and interpret environmental signals. In legume symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the specific recognition of bacterial lipochitooligosaccharide (LCO) signals by single-pass transmembrane receptor kinases determines compatibility. Here, we determine the structural basis for LCO perception from the crystal structures of two lysin motif receptor ectodomains and identify a hydrophobic patch in the binding site essential for LCO recognition and symbiotic function. We show that the receptor monitors the composition of the amphiphilic LCO molecules and uses kinetic proofreading to control receptor activation and signaling specificity. We demonstrate engineering of the LCO binding site to fine-tune ligand selectivity and correct binding kinetics required for activation of symbiotic signaling in plants. Finally, the hydrophobic patch is found to be a conserved structural signature in this class of LCO receptors across legumes that can be used for in silico predictions. Our results provide insights into the mechanism of cell-surface receptor activation by kinetic proofreading of ligands and highlight the potential in receptor engineering to capture benefits in plant-microbe interactions.
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