Tribological evaluation of piston ring/cylinder liner assembly in automotive engines using GNP as a lubricant additive

Friction and wear are the main causes of energy dissipation in automotive engines. To minimize the frictional power losses, it is extremely important to improve the tribological characteristics of ring/liner assembly which accounts for almost 40-50% frictional power losses. The present study attempts to mitigate friction and wear of the ring/liner tribo-pair using GNP/SAE 15W40 nano-lubricant. To simulate the ring/liner interface, the tribological performance of nano-lubricants was assessed using a tribometer based on ASTMG181 standard under various operating conditions. The coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate lowered using graphene nano-lubricants (GNL). The tribological results showed that friction coefficient, wear rate, and surface roughness of piston ring improved in the range 17.71%-42.33%, 25%-40.62%, and 61%, respectively, under GNL lubricating conditions during the boundary lubrication. Further, the characterization of wear tracks of piston ring and cylinder liner confirmed tribo-film formation on worn surfaces resulting in decreased COF and wear rate.

Automated summary

The study aimed to reduce friction and wear in the ring/liner tribo-pair by using GNP/SAE 15W40 nano-lubricant. Results showed that graphene nano-lubricants (GNL) could improve friction coefficient, wear rate, and surface roughness of the piston ring under GNL lubricating conditions. Additionally, the wear tracks of the piston ring and cylinder liner indicated the formation of a tribo-film on worn surfaces, leading to decreased COF and wear rate.