High-Temperature Monoclinic Cc Phase with Reduced c/a Ratio in Bi-based Perovskite Compound Bi2ZnTi1-xMnxO6

Monoclinic phases with Cm, Pm, and Cc space groups are indispensable to understand the high performance of electromechanical properties at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) of lead-based perovskite oxides Pb (ZrxTi1-x)O-3 (PZT), [Pb (Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3](1-x) (PbTiO3)(x) (PMN-PT), and [Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3](1-x)-(PbTiO3)(x) (PZN-PT). Here, a nearly single monoclinic phase with space group Cc was observed in the Bi-based lead-free perovskite compound Bi2ZnTi1-xMnxO6 at x = 0.4. This phase was the same as the low-temperature phase of the MPB composition of PZT but existed at a much higher temperature. Despite the reduced pseudo c/a ratio of 1.065, which is the same as that of PbTiO3 at room temperature, ionic model calculation based on the Rietveld refinement data indicated the polarization of Bi2ZnTi0.6Mn0.4O6 is 95.8 mu C/cm(2). The tilting and significant anisotropic distortion of the octahedron were found to cause the c/a ratio to reduce. Accordingly, the effective piezoelectric constant d(33) of Bi2ZnTi0.6Mn0.4O6 thin film was found to be 12 pm/V.