Journal
PHYTOCHEMISTRY
Volume 194, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113016
Keywords
Maclura tricuspidata; Moraceae; Immature fruits; Isoflavonoid; Macluraisoflavones A-O; alpha-Glucosidase; Radical scavenging
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Funding
- Basic Science Research Program [2018R1D1A1A09082613]
- Medical Research Center Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Korea [2017R1A5A2015541]
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This study investigated the chemical constituents of immature fruits of Maclura tricuspidata as well as their anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects. The findings suggest that certain compounds isolated from the immature fruits have potential medicinal value, providing important insights for the development of new anti-diabetic and antioxidant drugs.
The composition of a plant, together with its efficacy, vary depending on its maturity and plant parts. In this study, the chemical constituents of immature fruits of Maclura tricuspidata (Moraceae) were investigated together with their anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects. A total of 34 compounds were isolated from the immature fruits of M. tricuspidata using various chromatographic methods. Structure elucidation using extensive spectroscopic analysis led to the characterization of isolated compounds as isoflavonoids with prenyl substituents. Among them, macluraisoflavones A-O were first isolated from nature. The anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity of the isolated compounds were also suggested by alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity and DPPH radical scavenging activity, respectively. In particular, macluraisoflavone I, an isoflavonoid with 2,2-dimethylpyran and 2-hydroperoxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl moieties, showed potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Further molecular docking analysis suggested hydrogen bond and alkyl interactions between alpha-glucosidase and macluraisoflavone I. Therefore, the immature fruits of M. tricuspidata can be used as an important natural product with antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties.
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