Journal
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
Volume 240, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113528
Keywords
Blood brain barrier; Cerebral blood flow; Cognitive decline; Insulin resistance; Neurotrophic factor
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Intake of diets rich in saturated fats can lead to metabolic disorders and cognitive dysfunction. Studies have shown that high fat diet alters key mechanisms like insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and neuro-inflammation, leading to loss of synaptic plasticity and reduced cerebral blood flow, potentially causing cognitive deficits.
It has been well recognized that intake of diets rich in saturated fats could result in development of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have suggested that intake of high fat diet (HFD) is also associated with cognitive dysfunction. Various preclinical studies have demonstrated the impact of short and long term HFD feeding on the biochemical and behavioural alterations. This review summarizes studies and the protocols used to assess the impacts of HFD feeding on cognitive performance in rodents. Further, it discuss the key mechanisms that are altered by HFD feeding, such as, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, transcriptional dysregulation and loss of synaptic plasticity. Along with these, HFD feeding also alters the vascular components of brain such as loss of BBB integrity and reduced cerebral blood flow. It is highly possible that these factors are responsible for the development of cognitive deficits as a result of HFD feeding.
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