Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 127, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.140501
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Funding
- Quantum Science Center (QSC), a National Quantum Information Science Research Center of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
- U.S. DOE through a quantum computing program - LANL Information Science & Technology Institute
- National Science Foundation [1650115]
- National Science Centre, Poland [2019/35/D/ST2/02014]
- LANL ASC Beyond Moore's Law project
- Center for Nonlinear Studies at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)
- Direct For Education and Human Resources
- Division Of Graduate Education [1650115] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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In this work, a family of multipartite entanglement measures called concentratable entanglements is introduced, providing a general framework for quantifying multipartite entanglement. These measures do not increase, on average, under local operations and classical communications, and have an operational meaning in terms of probabilistic concentration of entanglement into Bell pairs. Furthermore, these measures can be efficiently estimated on a quantum computer through a parallelized SWAP test, paving the way for measuring multipartite entanglement on quantum devices.
Multipartite entanglement is an essential resource for quantum communication, quantum computing, quantum sensing, and quantum networks. The utility of a quantum state vertical bar psi > for these applications is often directly related to the degree or type of entanglement present in vertical bar psi >. Therefore, efficiently quantifying and characterizing multipartite entanglement is of paramount importance. In this work, we introduce a family of multipartite entanglement measures, called concentratable entanglements. Several well-known entanglement measures are recovered as special cases of our family of measures, and hence we provide a general framework for quantifying multipartite entanglement. We prove that the entire family does not increase, on average, under local operations and classical communications. We also provide an operational meaning for these measures in terms of probabilistic concentration of entanglement into Bell pairs. Finally, we show that these quantities can be efficiently estimated on a quantum computer by implementing a parallelized SWAP test, opening up a research direction for measuring multipartite entanglement on quantum devices.
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