Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 127, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.140503
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Funding
- Institut de Physique Theorique (IPhT), Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA)
- Region Ile-deFrance
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The study focuses on the performance of a quantum computer architecture that combines a small processor and a storage unit for integer factorization. By using a temporally and spatially multiplexed memory, the number of processing qubits can be reduced significantly, achieving efficient factorization of large RSA integers.
We analyze the performance of a quantum computer architecture combining a small processor and a storage unit. By focusing on integer factorization, we show a reduction by several orders of magnitude of the number of processing qubits compared with a standard architecture using a planar grid of qubits with nearest-neighbor connectivity. This is achieved by taking advantage of a temporally and spatially multiplexed memory to store the qubit states between processing steps. Concretely, for a characteristic physical gate error rate of 10(-3), a processor cycle time of 1 microsecond, factoring a 2 048-bit RSA integer is shown to be possible in 177 days with 3D gauge color codes assuming a threshold of 0.75% with a processor made with 13 436 physical qubits and a memory that can store 28 million spatial modes and 45 temporal modes with 2 hours' storage time. By inserting additional error-correction steps, storage times of 1 second are shown to be sufficient at the cost of increasing the run-time by about 23%. Shorter run-times (and storage times) are achievable by increasing the number of qubits in the processing unit. We suggest realizing such an architecture using a microwave interface between a processor made with superconducting qubits and a multiplexed memory using the principle of photon echo in solids doped with rare-earth ions.
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