Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 127, Issue 23, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.237403
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Funding
- Guangdong Major Project of Basic Research [2020B0301030009]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1701661, 61935013, 62075139, 61622504, 61705135, 61905163]
- Guangdong province program [00201505]
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2016A030312010]
- Shenzhen Peacock Plan [KQTD20170330110444030, KQTD2015071016560101]
- Science and Techno-logy Innovation Commission of Shenzhen [RCJC20200714114435063, JCYJ20200109114018750]
- EPSRC (UK)
- ERC iCOMM project [789340]
- Guangdong Special Support Program
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This study demonstrates photonic spin lattices as a new topological construct governed by the spin-orbit coupling in an optical field. Analysis of the spin structures reveals two stable photonic spin lattices, corresponding to the lowest energy of the electromagnetic field configuration.
Symmetry and topology govern many electronic, magnetic, and photonic phenomena in condensed matter physics and optics, resulting in counterintuitive skyrmion, meron, and other phenomena important for modern technologies. Here we demonstrate photonic spin lattices as a new topological construct governed by the spin-orbit coupling in an optical field. The symmetry of the electromagnetic field in the presence of the spin-orbit interaction may result in only two types of photonic spin lattices: either hexagonal spin-skyrmion or square spin-meron lattices. We show that these spin structures correspond to the lowest energy of the electromagnetic field configuration, therefore, energetically stable. We further show that in the absence of spin-orbit coupling these spin topologies are degenerated in dynamic field skyrmions, unifying the description of electromagnetic field topologies. The results provide a new understanding of electromagnetic field topology and its transformations as well as new opportunities for applications in quantum technologies, spin optics, and topological photonics.
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