Psychosocial care providers' perspectives: Barriers to implementing services for siblings of children with cancer

Background Siblings of children with cancer are at increased risk for poor long-term psychosocial outcomes. The standard of psychosocial care in pediatric oncology calling for sibling support is not routinely implemented, often leaving siblings with unmet psychosocial needs. Barriers to implementing the sibling standard may exist at multiple levels. This study addresses research gaps regarding multilevel barriers to supporting siblings at the health care system, oncology center, and family levels. Procedure Qualitative interviews were conducted with psychosocial care providers (N = 27; 18 psychologists, five social workers, three psychiatrists, and one child life specialist) employed at oncology centers within hospitals across the United States, varying in extent of sibling programming and center size. Interviews included questions about providers' roles, oncology center characteristics, existing psychosocial sibling services, barriers to providing systematic sibling assessment, and ideas about how to overcome barriers. Data were analyzed using applied thematic analysis. Results Qualitative analysis revealed (a) barriers to providing sibling services occur at multiple levels (health care system, oncology center, family); (b) barriers at multiple levels frequently interact with one another; and (c) interacting barriers maintain a cycle: barriers to providing services contribute to limited provision of services, low service provision leads to limited utilization of existing services and underprioritization of siblings, and together this leads to siblings being off the radar, which further limits sibling service provision. Conclusion Addressing health care system and oncology center barriers to implementing sibling assessment and support may be important potential targets for interventions to help ensure that siblings receive needed psychosocial assessment and support.

Automated summary

This study revealed that barriers to providing sibling services exist at multiple levels, and these barriers frequently interact with each other, maintaining a cycle where limited service provision leads to underutilization of services and underprioritization of siblings, ultimately resulting in siblings being off the radar and further limiting service provision for them. Addressing these barriers at the health care system and oncology center levels may be crucial in ensuring that siblings receive necessary psychosocial assessment and support.