Resveratrol protects renal damages induced by periodontitis via preventing mitochondrial dysfunction in rats

Objectives Periodontitis is closely associated with kidney disease and reactive oxygen species (ROS) involvement. Mitochondria are the primary source of both endogenous ROS and renal energy. We investigated whether resveratrol (RSV) prevents renal injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in periodontitis rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into control, experimental periodontitis (Ep) and Ep-RSV groups. To induce periodontitis, a steel ligature was placed on the cervix of the bilateral first maxillary molars. RSV (50 mg/kg/day) to the Ep-RSV group and vehicle to the Ep and control groups were gavaged. After 8 weeks, alveolar bone loss, pocket depth, gingival blood index and tooth mobility were assessed. Oxidative stress parameters, mitochondrial structure, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial ROS, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha) were analysed in renal. Renal function and histology were also evaluated. Results Compared with the control group, the Ep group showed renal structural destruction, elevated oxidative stress levels, mitochondrial structure destruction, MMP loss, mitochondrial ROS accumulation, ATP reduction, and decreased SIRT1 and PGC-1 alpha levels. RSV prevented these destruction (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant impairment in renal function (p > 0.05). Conclusions Periodontitis induces mitochondrial dysfunction in renal tissues. Resveratrol exerts a preventive effect on periodontitis-induced kidney injury by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction.

Automated summary

Periodontitis is closely associated with kidney disease and reactive oxygen species involvement. This study found that resveratrol can prevent kidney injury and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by periodontitis.