Corrosion behavior of refractory metals in liquid lead at 1000?C for 1000 h

Lead-based fast reactor (LFR) has become one of the most promising reactors for Generation IV nuclear systems. A developing trend of LFR is high efficiency, along with operation temperatures up to 800 degrees C or even higher. One of key issues in the high-efficiency LFR is corrosion of cladding materials with lead at high temperatures. In this study, corrosion behavior of some refractory metals (Nb, Nb521, and Mo-0.5La) was investigated in static lead at 1000 degrees C for 1000 h. The results showed that Nb and Nb521 exhibited an intense dissolution corrosion with obvious lead penetration after corrosion, and lead penetration extended along the grain boundaries of the specimens. Furthermore, Nb521 showed a better corrosion resistance than that of Nb as a result of the elements of W and Mo included in Nb521. Mo-0.5La showed much better corrosion resistance than that of Nb and Nb521, and no lead penetration could be observed. However, an etched morphology appeared on the surface of Mo-0.5La, indicating the occurrence of corrosion to a certain degree. The results indicate that Mo-0.5La is compatible with lead up to 1000 degrees C. While Nb and Nb alloys might be not compatible with lead for high-efficiency LFR at such high temperatures. (c) 2021 Korean Nuclear Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Automated summary

Lead-based fast reactor (LFR) is one of the most promising reactors in Generation IV nuclear systems, with high efficiency and operation temperatures up to 800 degrees C or higher. Corrosion of cladding materials with lead at high temperatures is a key issue in high-efficiency LFR. This study investigated the corrosion behavior of refractory metals (Nb, Nb521, and Mo-0.5La) in static lead at 1000 degrees C for 1000 h. The results showed that Nb and Nb521 exhibited intense dissolution corrosion with lead penetration along grain boundaries, while Mo-0.5La showed better corrosion resistance with no lead penetration observed. However, surface etching indicated some degree of corrosion in Mo-0.5La. The results suggest that Mo-0.5La is compatible with lead up to 1000 degrees C, while Nb and Nb alloys may not be compatible with lead in high-efficiency LFR at such high temperatures.