Journal
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
Volume 233, Issue 5, Pages 2249-2265Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.17922
Keywords
Arabidopsis; ARM repeat; E3 ligase; pattern-triggered immunity; PUB2; PUB4
Categories
Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of China [31701055]
- Research Grants Council of Hong Kong [CUHK14151416, C4041-18E, HKBU12159916, HKBU262213, AoE/M-403/16]
- Hong Kong Baptist University [RC-ICRS/16-17/04, FRG1/16-17/040]
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This study reveals the critical roles of PUB2 and PUB4 in plant immunity, as they positively regulate defense responses by connecting PTI components and enhancing their interactions.
Plants use pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and activate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). Precise regulation of information from PRRs to downstream signaling components is vital to mounting an appropriate immune response and requires dynamic interactions of these PTI components. We used transcriptome profiling, phenotypic analysis, molecular genetics, and protein-protein interaction analysis to understand the roles of the Arabidopsis plant U-box (PUB) proteins PUB2 and PUB4 in disease resistance and PTI signaling. Loss of function of both PUB2 and PUB4 diminishes the PAMP-triggered oxidative bursts and dampens mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, resulting in a severe compromise in resistance to not only pathogenic but also nonpathogenic strains of Pseudomonas syringae. Within PUB4, the E3 ligase activity is dispensable, but the armadillo repeat region is essential and sufficient for its function in immunity. PUB2 and PUB4 interact with PTI signaling components, including FLS2, BIK1, PBL27, and RbohD, and enhance FLS2-BIK1 and BIK1-RbohD interactions. Our study reveals that PUB2 and PUB4 are critical components of plant immunity and connect PTI components to positively regulate defense responses.
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