Delving into the recent advancements of spinal cord injury treatment: a review of recent progress

Spinal cord injury (SCI) research is a very complex field lending to why reviews of SCI literatures can be beneficial to current and future researchers. This review focuses on recent articles regarding potential modalities for the treatment and management of SCI. The modalities were broken down into four categories: neuroprotection-pharmacologic, neuroprotection-non-pharmacologic, neuroregeneration-pharmacologic, neuroregeneration-non-pharmacologic. Peer-reviewed articles were found using PubMed with search terms: spinal cord injury, spinal cord injury neuroregeneration, olfactory ensheathing cells spinal cord injury, rho-rock inhibitors spinal cord injury, neural stem cell, scaffold, neural stem cell transplantation, exosomes and SCI, epidural stimulation SCI, brain-computer interfaces and SCI. Most recent articles spanning two years were chosen for their relevance to the categories of SCI management and treatment. There has been a plethora of pre-clinical studies completed with their results being difficult to replicate in clinical studies. Therefore, scientists should focus on understanding and applying the results of previous research to develop more efficacious preclinical studies and clinical trials.

Automated summary

Spinal cord injury (SCI) research is complex, and reviewing current literature can benefit researchers. This review focuses on recent articles discussing potential modalities for SCI treatment and management. The modalities are categorized into four groups. PubMed was used to find relevant, peer-reviewed articles within the past two years. Preclinical studies have produced varied results, making replication in clinical studies challenging. Therefore, scientists should focus on understanding and applying previous research to improve preclinical studies and clinical trials.