Journal
NANOSCALE
Volume 14, Issue 9, Pages 3554-3560Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06713c
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21774129, 21873094, 21833008, 21790344]
- National Key R & D Program of China [2018YFB0703701]
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Program [20190101021JH]
- Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences CAS [QYZDY-SSW-SLH027, ZDBS-LY-SLH033]
- Network and Computing Center CIAC CAS
- NVIDIA Corporation
- GHFUND A [20210701]
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Nanoparticle surfactants can form elastic monolayers at the interface of immiscible liquids and structure the liquids. They perform better than Janus nanoparticles in dynamically structuring liquids due to their ability to quickly fill the interface and prevent consecutive shape changes of the liquids.
The nanoparticle (NP) surfactants generated in situ by binding NPs and polymers can assemble into an elastic NP monolayer at the interface of two immiscible liquids, structuring the liquids. Janus NPs can be more strongly bound to the interface than the NP surfactants, but they are unable to structure liquids into complex shapes due to the difficulty of assembling the jamming arrays. By molecular dynamics simulations, we give an insight into the better performance of NP surfactants than Janus NPs on dynamically structuring liquids. The high energy binding of Janus NPs to the interface will drive the Janus NPs to assemble into micelles in binary liquids. The micelles are stabilized in one liquid by encapsulating a little of the other liquid, hindering interfacial adsorption when the interface is marginally extended upon liquid deformation. In contrast, the in situ formed NP surfactants can rapidly fill the enlarged interfacial area to arrest the consecutive shape changes of the liquids. Moreover, NP surfactants can be designed with an appropriate coverage ratio (<= 50%) of NP surface bearing host-guest sites to avoid dissolution and impart a desirable mechanical elasticity to their assembly.
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