The cutting-edge phosphorus-rich metal phosphides for energy storage and conversion

The development of cost-efficient and high-performance electrochemical materials is very important to promote clean energy storage and conversion. Very recently, the phosphorus-rich (P-rich) metal phosphides (MPs) emerge as the cutting-edge materials in energy storage and conversion due to their significant advantages for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), sodium ion batteries (SIBs), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and solar cells (SCs). This review summarizes the up-to-date advances of P rich MPs in energy storage and conversion from typical structures, main synthetic methods and diversified advanced applications. The corresponding electrochemical reaction mechanism, composition/structure designs and desired performance of P-rich MPs are conjointly discussed to deliver an insightful perspective of the theory-composition/structure-performance relationships and reveal the reasons behind the excellent electrochemical performance. At last, several potential challenges and inspiring outlooks are highlighted to serve guidance for the future research and applications of P-rich MPs. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Phosphorus-rich metal phosphides (MPs) have emerged as cutting-edge materials in energy storage and conversion, exhibiting significant advantages in various applications. This review summarizes the latest advances in P-rich MPs regarding typical structures, synthetic methods, and performance optimizations. The discussion covers electrochemical reaction mechanisms, composition/structure designs, and desired performance, providing insights into theory-composition/structure-performance relationships and future research directions.