4.8 Review

Engineering DNA quadruplexes in DNA nanostructures for biosensor construction

Journal

NANO RESEARCH
Volume 15, Issue 4, Pages 3504-3513

Publisher

TSINGHUA UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-021-3869-y

Keywords

G-quadruplex; i-motif; DNA nanotechnology; biosensor

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [51972055, 81803480, 21902101]
  2. Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Project [JCYJ20180508152903208]
  3. Shenzhen Pengcheng Scholar Program
  4. Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Open Fund [SZBL2020090501002]

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DNA quadruplexes and artificial DNA nanostructures play important roles in the field of biosensing, serving as key components in the construction of biosensors and being implemented in various sensing scenarios. Their applications have been surveyed, and general conclusions and future perspectives have been discussed for further developments.
DNA quadruplexes are nucleic acid conformations comprised of four strands. They are prevalent in human genomes and increasing efforts are being directed toward their engineering. Taking advantage of the programmability of Watson-Crick base-pairing and conjugation methodology of DNA with other molecules, DNA nanostructures of increasing complexity and diversified geometries have been artificially constructed since 1980s. In this review, we investigate the interweaving of natural DNA quadruplexes and artificial DNA nanostructures in the development of the ever-prosperous field of biosensing, highlighting their specific roles in the construction of biosensor, including recognition probe, signal probe, signal amplifier and support platform. Their implementation in various sensing scenes was surveyed. And finally, general conclusion and future perspective are discussed for further developments.

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