Nanostructure@metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for catalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion in photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and thermal catalysis

The catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into high value-added chemicals is of great significance to address the pressing carbon cycle issues. Reticular chemistry of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based materials exhibits great potential and effectiveness to face CO2 challenge from capture to conversion. To date, the integrated nanocomposites of nanostructure and MOF have emerged as a powerful heterogeneous catalysts featured with multifold advantages including synergistic effects between the two interfaces, confinement effect of meso- and micropores, tandem reaction triggered by multiple active sites, high stability and dispersion, and so on. Given burgeoning carbon cycle and nanostructure@MOFs, this review highlights some of important advancements to provide a full understanding on the synthesis and design of nanostructure@MOFs composites to facilitate carbon cycle through CO2 photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, and thermal conversion. Afterward, the catalytic applications of some representative nanostructure@MOFs composites are categorized, in which the origin of activity or structure-activity relationship is summarized. Finally, the opportunities and challenges are proposed for inspiring the future development of nanostructure@MOFs composites for carbon cycle.

Automated summary

The catalytic conversion of CO2 into high value-added chemicals using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) shows great potential. The integrated nanocomposites of nanostructure and MOF have emerged as powerful heterogeneous catalysts with synergistic effects, stability, and dispersion. Advancements in this field highlight the importance of synthesis and design of nanostructure@MOFs composites for carbon cycle applications.