Journal
NANO RESEARCH
Volume 15, Issue 5, Pages 4091-4099Publisher
TSINGHUA UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-021-4035-2
Keywords
lithium-ion battery; high-voltage high-nickel cathode; Ti-doping; structural stability; interface stability
Categories
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFE0198100]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21975250, 52072145]
- Beijing Natural Science Foundation [2214061]
- Scientific and Technological Developing Project of Jilin Province, China [YDZJ202101ZYTS185]
- Capital Construction Fund Projects within the Budget of Jilin Province, China [2021C0372]
- Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials (Jilin Normal University), Ministry of Education, China [2020005]
- Open Program of State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology (Yanshan University), China [202110]
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High-voltage high-nickel lithium layered oxide cathodes have great application prospects in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high output capacity. However, structural degradation and undesired electrode-electrolyte interface reactions pose challenges to the cycle life and safety of the battery. This study introduces titanium (Ti) doping into the cathode material to improve stability and address these issues. The Ti-doped material shows higher capacity retention and better rate capacity compared to the pristine material. This research provides valuable insights for the application of high-voltage high-nickel cathodes in LIBs.
High-voltage high-nickel lithium layered oxide cathodes show great application prospects to meet the ever-increasing demand for further improvement of the energy density of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) mainly due to their high output capacity. However, severe bulk structural degradation and undesired electrode-electrolyte interface reactions seriously endanger the cycle life and safety of the battery. Here, 2 mol% Ti atom is used as modified material doping into LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM) to reform LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.18Ti0.02O2 (NCM-Ti) and address the long-standing inherent problem. At a high cut-off voltage of 4.5 V, NCM-Ti delivers a higher capacity retention ratio (91.8% vs. 82.9%) after 150 cycles and a superior rate capacity (118 vs. 105 mAh.g(-1)) at the high current density of 10 C than the pristine NCM. The designed high-voltage full battery with graphite as anode and NCM-Ti as cathode also exhibits high energy density (240 VVh.kg(-1)) and excellent electrochemical performance. The superior electrochemical behavior can be attributed to the improved stability of the bulk structure and the electrode-electrolyte interface owing to the strong Ti-O bond and no unpaired electrons. The in-situ X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrates that Ti-doping inhibits the undesired H2-H3 phase transition, minimizing the mechanical degradation. The ex-situ TEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that Ti-doping suppresses the release of interfacial oxygen, reducing undesired interfacial reactions. This work provides a valuable strategic guideline for the application of high-voltage high-nickel cathodes in LIBs.
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