Journal
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 509, Issue 3, Pages 3599-3615Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab3152
Keywords
accretion; accretion discs; black hole physics; galaxies: active; galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: Seyfert; X-rays: galaxies
Categories
Funding
- FONDECYT Postdoctorado [3190213]
- FONDECYT Iniciacion grant [11190831]
- National Science Foundation of China [11721303, 11991052, 12073003, 11950410493]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFA0400702, 2016YFA0400701]
- National Science Foundation ofChina (NSFC) [NSFC-11991054, NSFC-11833008]
- NSFC [NSFC-12022301, NSFC-11873048, NSFC-11991051]
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the CAS [XDB23010400]
- ESA Member States
- USA (NASA)
- NuSTAR mission
- NASA
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This study presents the analysis of the physical properties of the accretion flow and X-ray emitting plasma in supermassive black holes accreting at extreme Eddington rates. The simultaneous observations of IRAS 04416+1215 with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR reveal interesting spectral features, including multiphase absorption structure, a soft excess component, and a hard X-ray emission dominated by a reflection component.
The physical properties of the accretion flow and of the X-ray emitting plasma, in supermassive black holes accreting at extreme Eddington rates, are still very unclear. Here we present the analysis of simultaneous XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations of the hyper-Eddington Seyfert 1 galaxy IRAS 04416+1215, carried out in 2020. The main goal of these observations is to investigate the properties of the X-ray corona, as well as the structure of the accretion flow and of the circumnuclear environment, in this regime of extreme accretion. IRAS 04416+1215 has one of the highest Eddington ratio (lambda(Edd) similar or equal to 472) in the local Universe. It shows an interesting spectral shape, very similar to the standard narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy's spectra, with the presence of multiphase absorption structure composed of three phases, whose estimate of the minimum and maximum distances suggests two different interpretations, one consistent with the three X-ray winds being cospatial, and possibly driven by magnetohydrodynamical processes, the other consistent with the multiphase winds being also multiscale. The X-ray spectrum of IRAS 04416+1215 also has a prominent soft excess component and a hard X-ray emission dominated by a reflection component. Moreover, our detailed spectral analysis shows that IRAS 04416+1215 has the lowest coronal temperature measured so far by NuSTAR (kT(e) = 3-22 keV, depending on the model). This is consistent with a hybrid coronal plasma, in which the primary continuum emission is driven by pair production due to high-energy tail of the energy distribution of non-thermal electrons.
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