Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 27, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020500
Keywords
broccoli; isothiocyanates; volatiles; freezing; GCxGC-ToFMS; confocal microscopy
Funding
- National Science Centre (Poland) [548 2015/18/M/NZ9/00372]
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The storage and sample preparation methods have a significant impact on the profile of metabolites in plants, including changes in concentration, tissue structure, and enzyme activity.
The storage of plant samples as well as sample preparation for extraction have a significant impact on the profile of metabolites, however, these factors are often overlooked during experiments on vegetables or fruit. It was hypothesized that parameters such as sample storage (freezing) and sample pre-treatment methods, including the comminution technique or applied enzyme inhibition methods, could significantly influence the extracted volatile metabolome. Significant changes were observed in the volatile profile of broccoli florets frozen in liquid nitrogen at -20 degrees C. Those differences were mostly related to the concentration of nitriles and aldehydes. Confocal microscopy indicated some tissue deterioration in the case of slow freezing (-20 degrees C), whereas the structure of tissue, frozen in liquid nitrogen, was practically intact. Myrosinase activity assay proved that the enzyme remains active after freezing. No pH deviation was noted after sample storage - this parameter did not influence the activity of enzymes. Tissue fragmentation and enzyme-inhibition techniques applied prior to the extraction influenced both the qualitative and quantitative composition of the volatile metabolome of broccoli.
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