Journal
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
Volume 188, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER WIEN
DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05006-6
Keywords
3D-printed electrode; Electrochemical detection; Covalent modification; Hydrogen peroxide; Glucose
Categories
Funding
- Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [GACR EXPRO: 19-26896X, LM2018110]
- MEYS CR [2020-2022]
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This study demonstrates the activation of a 3D-printed electrode prepared using FDM 3D printing technology and the preparation of a glucose oxidase-based 3D-printed nanocarbon electrode through covalent linkage method. The biosensor shows excellent stability and opens new possibilities for covalent modifications in various electrochemistry fields.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has showed great potential for the construction of electrochemical sensor devices. However, reported 3D-printed biosensors are usually constructed by physical adsorption and needed immobilizing reagents on the surface of functional materials. To construct the 3D-printed biosensors, the simple modification of the 3D-printed device by non-expert is mandatory to take advantage of the remote, distributed 3D printing manufacturing. Here, a 3D-printed electrode was prepared by fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technique and activated by chemical and electrochemical methods. A glucose oxidase-based 3D-printed nanocarbon electrode was prepared by covalent linkage method to an enzyme on the surface of the 3D-printed electrode to enable biosensing. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the glucose oxidase-based biosensor. Direct electrochemistry glucose oxidase-based biosensor with higher stability was then chosen to detect the two biomarkers, hydrogen peroxide and glucose by chronoamperometry. The prepared glucose oxidase-based biosensor was further used for the detection of glucose in samples of apple cider. The covalently linked glucose oxidase 3D-printed nanocarbon electrode as a biosensor showed excellent stability. This work can open new doors for the covalent modification of 3D-printed electrodes in other electrochemistry fields such as biosensors, energy, and biocatalysis.
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