Journal
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
Volume 93, Issue -, Pages 244-250Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.02.061
Keywords
Cellulose nanocrystal; Natural fibres; Masterbatch; Melt-processing; Nanocomposite
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Funding
- Swiss National Science Foundation [406640_136911/1]
- Adolphe Merkle Foundation
- U.S. Endowment for Forestry and Communities (P3Nano)
- LabEx Tec 21, Grenoble, France (Investissements d'Avenir - grant) [ANR-11-LABX-0030]
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Milling of microcrystalline cellulose (gMCC) and poly(vinyl acetate) (gPVAc) was performed, and the milled samples were pre-mixed prior to melt-mixing. Ground samples that were pre- and subsequently melt-mixed (gPVAc/gMCC) showed similar reinforcement (modulus of similar to 3 GPa at 25 degrees C, similar to 9 MPa at 90 degrees C) compared to the directly mixed composites containing cellulose nanocrystals isolated by acid hydrolysis from cotton (PVAc/CNC, modulus of similar to 3 GPa at 25 degrees C and similar to 10 MPa at 90 degrees C). Highly concentrated masterbatches (up to 60 wt% of gMCC) are shown for the first time with cellulosic filler. These additive concentrates can be first prepared using a solution casting approach, aiding in efficient transport, and then diluted by melt-mixing when needed. Using DMF and water as solvents for preparation, melt-processing schemes that are easier to scale-up and exploit industrially were evaluated in this work. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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