Effect of cilia microstructure and ion injection upon single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator for effective energy harvesting

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) can convert the waste mechanical energy into useful electrical energy and act as a sustainable power source for micro/nanoelectronics. The utilization of advanced surface designs and materials compositions can further enhance the performance of TENGs. A single-electrode mode TENG with cilia microstructures (C-TENG, abbreviated further) was fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane-carbonyl iron (PDMSFe) composite by using a simple and fast magnetic field-guided method and its energy harvesting performance was evaluated. The structures, electrical properties, and surface roughness were compared between the flat and cilia-formed PDMS-Fe composites. The single-electrode mode TENG based on PDMS-Fe 10 wt% gives an opencircuit voltage of 70 V, the peak to peak current output of 250nA, and the power density of 2.75 mu W/cm2 at 30 M omega. Further, the ion injection was applied to the PDMS-Fe 10 wt% composite films using an antistatic gun, and it doubles the voltage output of the device. C-TENG can convert biomechanical energy (i.e. wind blowing and finger tapping) into an electrical output. In addition, the powering of a calculator was showed by charging a commercial capacitor using a bridge rectifier circuit.

Automated summary

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) can convert waste mechanical energy into useful electrical energy, and advanced surface designs and materials can enhance their performance. A single-electrode mode TENG with cilia microstructures (C-TENG) successfully converts biomechanical energy into electrical output, and can charge a commercial capacitor using a bridge rectifier circuit.