4.7 Article

Influence of dispersant application on the toxicity to sea urchin embryos of crude and bunker oils representative of prospective oil spill threats in Arctic and Sub-Arctic seas

Journal

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
Volume 172, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112922

Keywords

Oil; Dispersant; Iced seas; Sea urchin embryo; Toxicity; Mixtures

Funding

  1. European Union [EU H2020-BG-2005-2, 679266]
  2. Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport through pre-doctoral fellowship [FPU15/05517]
  3. Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness [CTM2017-87766-R]
  4. Basque Government through Consolidated Research Group GIC [IT810-13, IT1302-19]

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This study assessed the toxicity of crude and bunker oils in Arctic and Sub-Arctic seas, and found that heavy bunker oil was more toxic than light crude oil, with light bunker oil in between. The dispersant was toxic and also enhanced the toxicity of the oils.
This study deals with the toxicity assessment of crude and bunker oils representative of prospective oil spill threats in Arctic and Sub-Arctic seas (NNA: Naphthenic North-Atlantic crude oil; MGO: Marine Gas Oil; IFO: Intermediate Fuel Oil 180), alone or in combination with a third-generation dispersant (Finasol OSR52 (R)). Early life stages of sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus, were selected for toxicity testing of oil low-energy water accommodated fractions. A multi-index approach, including larval size increase and malformation, and developmental disruption as endpoints, was sensitive to discriminate from slight to severe toxicity caused by the tested aqueous fractions. IFO (heavy bunker oil) was more toxic than NNA (light crude oil), with MGO (light bunker oil) in between. The dispersant was toxic and further on it enhanced oil toxicity. Toxic units revealed that identified PAHs were not the main cause for toxicity, most likely exerted by individual or combined toxic action of nonmeasured compounds.

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