Journal
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
Volume 42, Issue 2, Pages 363-373Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/liv.15098
Keywords
adipose tissue; bile acid metabolism; body composition; energy metabolism; nutrition; randomised clinical trial
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [HL071981, HL034594, HL126024]
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK091718, DK100383, DK115679]
- Boston Obesity Nutrition Research Center [DK46200]
- United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) [2011036]
- American Heart Association Scientist Development Award [0730094N]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- 2019 American Heart Association post-doctoral fellowship
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The study revealed that decreases in primary and secondary bile acid subtypes induced by weight-loss diets were significantly associated with improvements in adiposity, fat accumulation, and energy metabolism. Specific bile acid subtypes may be predictive of long-term successful weight loss and individuals' response to weight-loss diet treatment.
Background and Aims Primary bile acids (BAs) are synthesized in the liver and secondary BAs result from intestinal microbial activity. Different subtypes of BAs may be involved in regulating adiposity and energy homeostasis. We examined how changes in circulating BA subtypes induced by weight-loss diets were associated with improvements in adiposity, regional fat deposition and energy metabolism among overweight and obese adults. Methods The study included 551 subjects who participated in a 2-year weight-loss diet intervention trial. Circulating 14 BA subtypes (primary and secondary unconjugated BAs and their taurine-/glycine-conjugates) were measured at baseline and 6 months. Associations of changes in BAs with changes in weight, waist circumference, resting energy expenditure (REE), body fat composition and fat distribution were evaluated. Results Greater decreases in primary BAs (cholate and chenodeoxycholate) and secondary BAs (deoxycholate and lithocholate) and their conjugates (except for glycolithocholate) were associated with more decreases in weight and waist circumference at 6 months (P-after-false-discovery-rate-correction [P-FDR] .05). We found that changes in glycocholate and glycoursodeoxycholate were consistently associated with reductions of general and central adiposity, REE, whole-body fat and visceral adipose tissue (P-FDR < .05). Further, the initial (6-month) changes in BA subtypes were differently predictive of successful weight loss over 2 years. Conclusions The decreases in primary and secondary BA subtypes after eating low-calorie weight-loss diets were significantly associated with improving adiposity, fat accumulation and energy metabolism, suggesting that specific BA subtypes would be predictive of long-term successful weight loss and individuals' response to the treatment of weight-loss diets.
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