Exploring multiferroicity in BiFeO3 - NaNbO3 thermistor electroceramics

The BiFeO3-NaNbO3 electroceramics, synthesized by the ceramic method, are studied aiming to obtain materials with a well-defined thermistor response coexisting with a relevant magnetic response. XRD data and Raman analysis reveal a structural transition as a function of composition. Compositional features explored from ICP, XPS and EDS measurements, suggest compositional heterogeneity leading to a cluster-type scenario implying NNO-rich and BFO-rich regions in the samples. Impedance spectroscopy data reveal the development of a PTCR thermistor response for x >= 0.5 near room temperature. The x = 0.9 ceramic shows resistivity changes of about six orders of magnitude in the first thermal cycle and maximum permittivity values of similar to 10(5), much higher than those previously reported for BFO-doped ceramics. Magnetization data are interpreted in terms of the stabilization of superparamagnetic clusters. The response displayed by the x = 0.9 ceramic makes it a promising multifunctional material for device applications.

Automated summary

In this study, BiFeO3-NaNbO3 electroceramics synthesized by the ceramic method were investigated for their defined thermistor response and magnetic behavior. Compositional heterogeneity was found to lead to a cluster-type scenario in the samples, influencing the material's unique properties. Impedance spectroscopy data showed the development of a PTCR thermistor response near room temperature for certain compositions, making the x = 0.9 ceramic a promising multifunctional material for device applications.