Journal
IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 95, Issue 1, Pages 56-67Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/icb.2016.69
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Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (European Regional Development Fund) [SAF2011-24268, SAF2012-36535, SAF2015-71363-R, SAF2011-22463, SAF2014-55088-R]
- Fundacio la Marato TV3 [122530]
- ICREA Academia award from Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA, Generalitat de Catalunya)
- Generalitat de Catalunya [2009SGR601, 2014SGR1153]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through the 'Maria de Maeztu' Program for Units of Excellence in RD [MDM-2014-0370]
- Generalitat de Catalunya (FI-DGR program)
- Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (FPU program) [AP2010-5411]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [IPT2011-1527-010000, BES-2013-062670]
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Stress-activated transcription factors influence T-cell function in different physiopathologic contexts. NFAT5, a relative of nuclear factor kappa B and the calcineurin-activated NFATc transcription factors, protects mammalian cells from hyperosmotic stress caused by the elevation of extracellular sodium levels. In T cells exposed to hypernatremia, NFAT5 not only induces osmoprotective gene products but also cytokines and immune receptors, which raises the question of whether this factor could regulate other T-cell functions in osmostress-independent contexts. Here we have used mice with a conditional deletion of Nfat5 in mature T lymphocytes to explore osmostress-dependent and-independent functions of this factor. In vitro experiments with CD4 T cells stimulated in hyperosmotic medium showed that NFAT5 enhanced the expression of IL-2 and the Th17-associated gene products ROR gamma t and IL-23R. By contrast, NFAT5-deficient CD4 T cells activated in vivo by anti-CD3 antibody exhibited a different activation profile and were skewed towards enhanced interferon gamma (IFN gamma) and IL-17 expression and attenuated Treg responses. Using a model of experimental colitis, we observed that mice lacking NFAT5 in T cells exhibited exacerbated intestinal colitis and enhanced expression of IFN gamma in draining lymph nodes and colon. These results show that NFAT5 can modulate different T-cell responses depending on stress conditions and stimulatory context.
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